In the UK, basements are commonplace in older buildings. Typically, most homes built after the 1960s lack basements, and for this reason, they’re unlikely to be found in many properties unless you’re on uneven ground or in a period home, such as a Georgian or Victorian home, as the basement was likely built for servants’ quarters.
If you’re considering renovating a basement, what do you need to know, and how can you ensure that your basement is safe and fit for purpose?
You need to meet regulations
Homes with basements don’t typically need planning permission unless they’re in a conservation area or the floor level of an existing basement is being lowered.
You’ll need to acquire building regulation approval if you’re turning your basement from an unusable place to one that is habitable or if you’re changing its use, i.e. from a cellar to a living space. These regulations pertain to waterproofing, ventilation, safe access/means of escape, smoke alarms, electrical wiring and plumbing. It’s important to understand what you need before embarking on any renovation work so you can be sure you meet all the necessary requirements, especially for a change of use.
Address moisture issues
It should come as no surprise that basements are more prone to damp than other areas of the house. This is due to their underground situation, where water can accumulate. If you want to make your basement functional or protect your property from the structural damage caused by a damp basement, then you need basement tanking. Basement tanking is where you make your entire basement waterproof and seal it with a membrane that prevents external moisture from penetrating. This can protect both the basement itself and the entire building structure.
Ventilation
Your basement won’t be subject to the same amount of ventilation as the rest of the property, so you’ll need to factor in airflow when it comes to converting it into a safe, usable space for any purpose. This will help control moisture content and create a desirable environment. If possible, consider installing windows for a natural ventilation system, like you would upstairs. Adding doorways to expose the basement externally can also help, as can mechanical ventilation systems in situations where windows and doors aren’t possible or practical.
Lighting
Lighting can be a tricky feature to address for basements; after all, their location doesn’t exactly allow them to be bathed in natural light for the most part. Consequently, allowing in as much natural light as you can is vital. Whether or not the construction of your room allows for skylights or other lighting options to illuminate the space, i.e. patio doors if your basement leads to a garden, you can introduce artificial lighting that mimics natural lighting internally. You need to create the illusion of natural light in order to avoid the room being a dark space that isn’t a pleasant space in which to spend time.